Comprehensive utilization of associated minerals in phosphate rock
Phosphorus ore minerals associated utilization
I.1 Associated minerals in phosphate rock can be divided into two categories according to their occurrence status. The first is a mineral form of separate outputs associated minerals, mainly iron (magnetite, titanium magnetite), copper, sulfur (chalcopyrite, pyrite), potassium (K feldspar) and the like; of The second type is associated with phosphate minerals or gangue minerals, mainly fluorine, iodine , antimony , rare earth and uranium .
I.2 The first type of associated minerals are mainly produced in endogenous apatite deposits and are important resource conditions for improving the economic benefits of the comprehensive development of some low-grade phosphate mines. Most of them can be recovered in the phosphate ore dressing process, and the comprehensive utilization value depends mainly on the quality and quantity of the associated minerals. Iron is one of the more common ones. When the iron content (TEe) of the ore in the ore is >12%, it can be comprehensively recovered. It has been comprehensively utilized by some production mines, such as the Lushan Phosphate Mine and the Jianping Phosphate Mine. Copper and sulfur should be recovered before flotation of phosphate rock, mainly to eliminate the impact of floating phosphorus collectors on them. Therefore, the recovery of copper and sulfur involves the design of the beneficiation process. Potassium phosphate rock, potassium phosphate mainly used in the manufacture of composite fertilizers, such as the use of Chinese source rock block producing potassium phosphate and potassium phosphate monobasic Ca, Mg, P and K fertilizer. Furthermore there may be associated minerals recovered crystalline graphite (Jixi phosphate), biotite, rutile and the like.
I.3 The second type of associated elements are low in content except fluorine, and most of them can be further enriched in flotation phosphorus concentrate. The comprehensive utilization of it depends not only on the level of ore in the ore, the degree of environmental pollution, but also the processing and utilization of ore. Fluorine enters the gas phase during the processing of phosphate rock. Generally, the phosphate fertilizer plant absorbs the fluoride in the exhaust gas to obtain a fluorosilicic acid solution with a concentration of 8% to 25%, and then processes it into various fluorine products. Iodine is similar to fluorine. When the elemental iodine in the ore is >0.004%, iodine can be extracted from the exhaust gas. Therefore, comprehensive recycling is an effective measure to change harm. Rare earths are more common in China's phosphorite deposits, and also in some metamorphic phosphate rock mines. The former Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Comprehensive Utilization and the Guizhou Chemical Industry Research Institute have conducted comprehensive recovery tests, but due to high cost and complicated process. Not put into production. Uranium is enriched in phosphoric acid during the extraction process, and uranium recovery from wet process phosphoric acid is currently the most effective method. For phosphate ore containing more than 0.02% uranium, comprehensive recovery should be considered.
I.4 Since the comprehensive utilization of associated minerals in phosphate rock is still in the experimental research stage, it is necessary to further make technical and economic arguments when judging the comprehensive utilization value.
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