Before the excavation of the rock mass, it is in equilibrium under the action of the original stress field. After the excavation, the load carried by the excavation part of the rock mass is transferred to the surrounding rock mass to generate stress concentration, and finally a new stress field is formed. . At the same time, due to the existence of the excavation space, the surrounding rock mass is provided with the possibility of degeneration. Practice has proved that a large number of roadways can be self-stabilized for a long time after excavation, while other roadways must be artificially supported to maintain stability.
Rock stratum support and reinforcement is the main means to maintain the stability of the mining space, and is an important process in the mining process. It is closely related to the mining method of the rock, the excavation process, the shape and size of the excavated space and the geological conditions. As a traditional means of supporting wooden support has been dwindling in the actual production, and the metal bracket and concrete support, in mine production and construction have been more applications. It is particularly worth noting that as a new support method, bolting and shotcreting has been rapidly developed and widely used in mine support in China. In China, about 1500km of various roadways are supported by bolt shotcrete every year . Medicals Mould & Moulding
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