In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) is in full swing. Many applications such as Smart Home, IIoT, mobile payment, and UHD video transmission have left some of the already existing RF and Wireless technologies are once again being brought up to value, including Near Field Communication (NFC), Bluetooth and Wi-Fi 802.11ad.
These wireless technologies for the IoT applications or mobile communications system to gain a firm footing, there are further technical specifications update, the following one by one to explore.
High-definition video transmission demand soared 802.11ad stand
The Wi-Fi 802.11ad standard was proposed by the Wi-Fi Alliance a few years ago along with the 802.11ac specification that uses the 5GHz band. 802.11ac was quickly favored by chipmakers and end-product manufacturers, but 802.11ad was not "brisk" with 802.11ac as chip products did not really appear and the standard was not officially finalized, but with 4K high-picture Quality imaging era, coupled with the consumer is still eager not to carry too many transmission lines, 802.11ad technology once again made by the relevant industry. Recently, Chinese-based smart phone maker LeTV also takes the lead in building 802.11ad technology into its high-end models. This undoubtedly announces that the 802.11ad technology market is coming soon.
Cao Weiling, senior director of R & S, said that while the proportion of ultra-high-definition video and audio data is getting higher and higher, consumers no longer maintain the existing "viable" technology for existing transmission technologies , Feel satisfied. However, consumers nowadays need not only to seamlessly transmit and play video and audio data smoothly, but also to expect the transmission and playback of video and audio files of mobile phones without connecting cables. Therefore, 802.11ad, which utilizes the high frequency band of 60 GHz, meets the needs of consumers demand.
Having said that, 802.11ad really has emerged market demand? Or is it just the moment when the previous specs were released? In this regard, Cao Weiling believes that 802.11ad market demand has really begun to sprout.
For example, when Qualcomm released its smart home-related solution in 2015, it already mentioned that the company's smart home solution will be imported into 802.11ad. At this stage, high-definition projectors, smart home networking solutions , If found in the video transmission process, the interface is not compatible or do not want to see a bunch of home lines, this time, 802.11ad is the better choice. On the other hand, it is also found that the equipment manufacturers such as routers and access points, such as routers and other network equipment manufacturers, have also started to purchase 802.11ad related test equipment to conduct R & D or mass production . Cao Weiling stressed that from the cooperation of manufacturers whether the chip or the central office equipment some of the actions of view, you can find the industry for the development of 802.11ad related products, this is "really play."
Lin Zhilong, application engineering support manager for Rod Schwarz, adds that starting with a smart phone with built-in 802.11ad technology also shows that the technology is truly consumer-friendly. Driven by the mobile device market, it is expected that more terminals or mobile devices will be included in 802.11 ad in the future, and 802.11 ad will certainly have a place in the market of wireless communications technologies.
Figure 1: Many technologies rush to exploit IoT opportunities
Body and mobile communications data diversion task
In fact, 802.11ad is not designed for the IoT world, but to alleviate the problem of mobile network congestion. Zhang Shi Xian, Senior Project Manager of Keysight's Applications Engineering Department, said that RF technologies in IoT applications fall into two categories, one is existing technology such as NFC, Bluetooth, and ZigBee®; the other is designed to grab Emerging technologies such as LoRa, SIGFOX, Telensa, 5G NB-IoT? Emerge from networking opportunities. 802.11ad is more closely related to 5G technologies than to the technologies developed for IoT applications.
IoT-related technologies discussed in 5G mobile communications technology can be divided into high-speed data throughput services and NB-IoT links between machine-to-machine (M2M). Among them, the high-speed data throughput service is part of the reference 802.11ad millimeter wave (mmWAVE), the scene covers the technical characteristics. Zhang explained first, 3GPP in the development of 5G technology, in order to further enhance the bandwidth of mobile communications, so 802.11ad as a reference.
Not only that, but 5G technology will be the same as the 4G communications standard, further combining the existing Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac and 802.11ad to relieve predictable mobile congestion conditions.
Innate technical challenges to be overcome
After 802.11ad was built into the so-called killer app, the smart phone, and in 2016 chipmakers began offering 802.11ad chips and related services, as well as the 2016 Consumer Electronics Show (CES), Global Mobile Communications Conference (MWC ) And Taipei Computex, 802.11ad is one of the bright spots, making it a bright future for development. However, this technology still has some technical challenges to overcome in order to gain a firm foothold in the wireless communication technology market.
Cao Weiling pointed out that in order to improve popularization rate, 802.11ad must solve the technical challenges derived from congenital HF radio waves, such as short transmission distance, weak signal penetration and limited transmission directivity. Zhang style is optimistic about 802.11ad wireless access, smart phone applications will be a major milestone in the development of the technology, however, the signal technology is easily shaded, the current size of the chip package and cooling issues, will make smart phones Or mobile device manufacturers discouraged.
Wi-Fi efforts to improve transmission efficiency
In addition to 802.11ad re-gaining market attention, Wi-Fi technology itself continues to introduce new standards to enhance signal transmission efficiency and further solve the problem of signal-prone walls. Peter Carson, senior director of marketing for Qualcomm Technologies, said Wi-Fi has become the dominant technology in smart homes or offices. However, in the future, more devices will need to be connected to the home environment and the coverage of the Wi-Fi technology needs to be further improved. If the devices use different networking technologies, transmission technologies must also be avoided to interfere with each other. Therefore, Wi The Wi-Fi Alliance has developed 802.11k specifications to make Wi-Fi signaling more efficient and to provide consumers with better Internet experience when it comes to converging Wi-Fi and mobile technologies.
Using the 802.11k specification, coupled with its own R & D experience in the field of Wi-Fi, Qualcomm proposed Wi-Fi SON technology. Carson pointed out that 802.11k is an open standard, as long as the 802.11 architecture, can support. With self-management, healing, active connectivity and self-defense, Wi-Fi SON enables consumers to connect to the Internet without having to worry about setting up Wi-Fi SON's wireless access point. Wi- Fi SON will also actively search the best network, so that consumers will not face poor signal quality or network congestion situation.
More importantly, consumers do not have to worry about network security issues because Wi-Fi SON allows Wi-Fi accessors to understand user behavior, and if there is an abnormal connection, consumers will Immediately received the warning message. Carson said that both telecom operators and enterprise users are highly interested in 802.11k Wi-Fi SON technology. In addition, Wi-Fi SON is currently built into D-Link and TP-Link products.
Figure 2: Wi-Fi SON requires the purchase of the same wireless access product to function effectively
Action Payout Market Take Off NFC Benefit
IoT applications, mobile payment is a very important part, can bring consumers a more convenient life. Cao Weiling believes that radio frequency or wireless technology to occupy a place in the Internet of things, we must create a very convenient for consumers, applications, and small businesses have a greater link, and action payments that meet the standards that make NFC in the other In addition to IoT applications, there are so-called "killer" applications.
Imagine, most of the modern people are inseparable from their own smart phones, if forget to bring a wallet to go out, but will not forget to bring the phone in the body, you will not face the dilemma of payment, action payments began to be imported in various types Mobile device. Including service provider Google and terminal device maker Samsung also launched Android Pay and Samsung Pay. Apple officially launched Apple Pay, pushing up the mobile payment application and bringing NFC technology to its heels.
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