The hydroforming process has a wide range of applications in the automotive, aerospace, aerospace and pipeline industries. It is mainly suitable for: circular, rectangular or profiled hollow structural members that vary along the axis of the component, such as automotive exhaust system shaped pipe fittings; non-circular cross section Hollow frames, such as engine brackets, instrument panel brackets, body frames (about 11% to 15% of automotive mass); hollow shafts and complex fittings. Figure 2 shows some of the typical parts that the hydroforming process is used in the automotive industry.
Suitable materials for the hydroforming process include carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy and nickel alloy. In principle, the materials suitable for cold forming are suitable for the hydroforming process. Mainly for auto parts factory, electronics factory, electrical factory, heat treatment factory, vehicle parts factory, gear factory, air conditioning parts factory.
For hollow variable-section structural members, the conventional manufacturing process is to first form two halves of the sheet and then weld them into a whole, and hydroforming can integrally form a hollow structural member that varies along the cross-section of the member at one time. Compared to stamping and welding processes, hydroforming techniques and processes have the following major advantages:
1. Reduce quality and save materials. For typical parts such as automobile engine brackets and radiator brackets, hydroformed parts are 20% to 40% lighter than stamped parts; for hollow stepped shaft parts, 40% to 50% of weight can be reduced.
2. Reduce the number of parts and molds and reduce mold costs. Hydroformed parts usually require only one set of molds, while stampings mostly require multiple sets of molds. The number of hydroformed engine bracket parts has been reduced from 6 to 1, and the number of radiator bracket parts has been reduced from 17 to 10.
3. It can reduce the amount of welding for subsequent machining and assembly. Taking the radiator bracket as an example, the heat dissipation area is increased by 43%, the number of solder joints is reduced from 174 to 20, the number of processes is reduced from 13 to 6 and the productivity is increased by 66%.
4. Improve strength and stiffness, especially fatigue strength, such as hydroformed radiator brackets, which can increase stiffness by 39% in the vertical direction and 50% in the horizontal direction.
5. Reduce production costs. According to the statistical analysis of the applied hydroformed parts, the production cost of the hydroformed parts is reduced by 15%~20% on average, and the mold cost is reduced by 20%~30%.
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